Abstract: Flash flood disasters have been an important factor restricting the economic and social development in Henan Province,and the research on the distribution characteristics of historical flash flood disasters is the necessary preliminary work for flash flood disaster prevention and control. Taking 7 major hydrological divisions as the basic units,based on Henan Province historical flash flood disaster points,the number and density of flash floods in each sub-area were obtained via ArcGIS. Conduct further analysis research about the distribution relationships between flash flood and ground elevation,average value of 6 hours of rainstorm in a hundred years,standard deviation of elevation,and finally the distribution characteristics of historical flash flood disasters in Henan Province were summarized. The results showed that the historical flash floods were mainly distributed in the deep mountainous areas of Funiu mountain,the hilly areas of Shaying river,Hongru river,Tangbai river and hilly areas of Danjiang,which possess a proportion of 80.46% totally,and the main incentives for flash flood disasters in different districts are different. From the point of elevation,average value of 6 hours of rainstorm in a hundred years and standard deviation of elevation,the flash flood disasters were concentrated in the 140~240 m,290~320 m and 0~20 m intervals. For the deep mountain area of Funiu mountain,the ranges(elevation ranges from 200 to 400 m,standard deviation of elevation less than 50 m,average value of 6 hours of rainstorm in a hundred years ranges from 140 to 170 mm and from 200 to 230 mm)are relatively easier to cause flash flood disaster.