Abstract: In order to explore the general survey model of flood and drought disaster risk that can be used for reference by the cities (counties) in Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of water resources and hydropower research conducted a pilot survey in Anhua County, involving organization mode, technical mode, achievement style, etc. Through the pilot survey, Anhua county has formed a practical survey model of flood and drought disaster risk that is "guided by the pilot task, supported by professional teams, based on existing achievements, supplemented by auxiliary field investigation, followed by key technologies, aimed at the application of achievements and guaranteed by organizational leadership". Starting from the survey task needs of flood and drought disaster risk, this model covers the whole chain survey process of flood and drought disaster risk, such as the formation of general survey teams, basic data collection, auxiliary field survey, data support relationship, application of key technologies, and reviews and summary of achievements, solving the problem during the general survey experience of flood and drought disaster risk. Practice shows that this pilot model not only solves many difficult problems and blocking points of flood and drought disaster risk survey in Hunan Province, but also provides valuable experience for the comprehensive promotion of flood and drought disaster risk general survey in Hunan Province, and achieves the goal of pilot survey.