Abstract: With the impact of global climate change and human activities, the ecological environment in mountain areas has deteriorated and extreme hydrological events have increased, resulting in increasingly serious flash flood disasters. Through basic scientific research, project construction practice, disaster event review and investigation and so on, a flash flood disaster prevention and management system combining non-structure and structure measures has been formed. The current situation of flash flood disaster prevention and management in China and abroad was summarized from three aspects: the mechanism of flash flood disaster, flash flood disaster monitoring and early warning technology and flash flood disaster risk management, and the actual demand of flash flood disaster preventionmanagement under changing environment was analyzed, and the development trend of the research on the flash flood disaster prevention and management was put forward: tackle the key technologies of flash flood disaster prevention from mechanism research, technology research and development, model construction and application paradigm; give full play to the application of high and new technologies such as the Internet of Things in the field of flash flood disaster prevention and management; build a new model of flash flood disaster preventionand management that comprehensively considers "natural" and "social" factors.