Abstract: Different regions of Hunan Province are divided into drought assessment zones based on the historical drought characteristic pattern, and the regional drought level standards of Hunan Province are formulated based on meteorological and hydrological drought indicators and with reference to the existing drought level standards. Typical historical drought years (2003, 2007, 2013 and 2022) and eight typical representative stations were selected to analyze and validate the criteria. The results show that the drought assessment results based on the drought level standard have an consistency rate of more than 75% with the actual drought, which can better reflect the actual drought situation in various regions of Hunan Province, provide technical support for accurately identifying, analyzing and assessing the drought situation, and provide a scientific guarantee for the effective implementation of drought prevention, drought mitigation and disaster relief work.