Abstract: In the Yellow River flood control projects, the dangerous works and river training works mostly adopt the surface protection of masonry with cement mortar. Although it can prevent scouring, it lacks ecological functions. Besides, the unprotected sections in the downstream are easily damaged by the impact of water flow, leading to serious soil erosion.For this purpose, this study designs an ecological slope protection structure on the water-facing side. Its main body is cast with concrete blocks and equipped with splicing blocks for plug-in combination. The surface of the components is provided with guide grooves for collecting and guiding plant seeds. With the aid of the auxiliary anchor structure, the organic integration of biological protection and engineering measures is achieved to realize the automatic capture of water and soil. It is also equipped with water bags and liquid inlet pipes to achieve automatic water flow irrigation. After being applied in the Yellow River flood control projects, this structure has demonstrated remarkable social and economic benefits. It can provide useful references and exemplary cases for the popularization and application of related projects, and is conducive to promoting the ecological construction process of the Yellow River flood control projects and improving the comprehensive efficiency of project protection.