Abstract: The Pearl River Estuary is one of the most complex stream systems and dynamic characteristics in the world. This paper outlines the situation of the Pearl River Estuary. It introduces the main water control works of the Pearl River Estuary from the aspects of the delimitation of the red line for estuary protection, the hydrodynamic control and the implementation of the estuary control project. Based on the experience and lessons of the Pearl River Estuary management, this paper puts forward some ideas and suggestions on Chaohu Lake management. Chaohu Lake management can draw lessons from the experience in the process of water control in the Pearl River Estuary and cities in the Pearl River Delta.