广东省降雨时空分布特征分析

doi:10.16867/j.issn.1673-9264.2023286

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (0 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要全球气候变暖背景下，极端天气频发，分析区域降雨时空分布特征及变化趋势是防灾减灾的前提。基于广东省2017—2021年4 119个雨量站实测数据，运用反距离权重、GIS等方法分析了广东省降雨时空变化特征及形成机理。结果表明： ①2017—2021年降雨量范围为1 420.9～1 993.6 mm，呈间断上升趋势，2019年为近5年最高，2020年和2021年是罕见的连旱年。②年内分布不均，暴雨集中在夏季，占全年降雨量的49.06%，其次是春季、秋季和冬季； 4—6月前汛期多为锋面雨，7—9月后汛期多为台风雨和对流雨，10月至次年3月为少雨季节。③空间上降雨分布特点为：粤西和粤中珠三角北缘地区降雨多，粤东及粤东北山区降雨少。④1 h短时强降雨天气多发生在夏季并活跃于17—19时段；空间上，南部沿海平原地区最频繁，北部山区次之但存在强降雨诱发地质灾害等风险； 1 h超100 mm降雨主要集中在清远—佛冈一带。研究结果为广东省强降雨诱发的洪涝灾害防御提供参考借鉴。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	杨帆
	周悦
	罗岚扬
	苗晓宜
	马美红
	刘荣华

关键词 ：降雨, 时空分布, 短时强降雨, GIS, 广东省

Abstract：In the context of global climate warming and frequent extreme weather events, analyzing the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and trends of regional rainfall is crucial for disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the observed data of 4 119 rainfall stations in Guangdong Province from 2017 to 2021, this study utilized inverse distance weighting and GIS to analyze the spatiotemporal changes and formation mechanisms of rainfall in Guangdong Province. The results are as follows:① The annual precipitation ranged from 1420.9 to 1993.6 mm, showing an intermittent upward trend. 2019 had the highest rainfall in the last five years, while 2020 and 2021 were rare consecutive drought years. ② The distribution of rainfall throughout the year was uneven, with heavy rainfall concentrated in the summer, accounting for 49.06% of the annual precipitation, followed by spring, autumn, and winter. The pre-monsoon period from April to June was dominated by frontal rain, while the post-monsoon period from July to September was characterized by tropical cyclone rain and convective rain. The period from October to March of the following year was the dry season. ③ Spatially, the distribution of rainfall showed that the western and central parts of Guangdong Province, as well as the northern edge of the Pearl River Delta, had higher rainfall, while the eastern and northeastern mountainous areas had less rainfall. ④ Short-duration heavy rainfall of 1 hour mainly occurred in summer and was most active between 17:00 and 19:00. In terms of spatial distribution, it was most frequent in the southern coastal plain area, followed by the northern mountainous region which also posed risks of geological disasters induced by heavy rainfall. Observations of rainfall exceeding 100 mm in 1 hour were mainly concentrated in the Qingyuan-Fogang area. These findings provide valuable references for disaster defense against heavy rainfall-induced hazards in Guangdong Province.

Key words： rainfall spatiotemporal distribution short term heavy rainfall GIS Guangdong Province

收稿日期: 2023-07-20

PACS:

P426.6

基金资助:天津市教委科研计划项目（2019KJ086）。

通讯作者: 马美红,女,副教授,E-mail:mamh@tjnu.edu.cn。 E-mail: mamh@tjnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨帆,男,高级工程师,E-mail:75513404@qq.com。

引用本文:

杨帆, 周悦, 罗岚扬, 苗晓宜, 马美红, 刘荣华. 广东省降雨时空分布特征分析[J]. 中国防汛抗旱, 2023, 33(11): 46-51,82.
YANG Fan, ZHOU Yue, LUO Lanyang, MIAO Xiaoyi, MA Meihong, LIU Ronghua. Analysis of spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of rainfall in Guangdong Province. journal1, 2023, 33(11): 46-51,82.

链接本文:

http://www.cfdm.cn/CN/10.16867/j.issn.1673-9264.2023286 或 http://www.cfdm.cn/CN/Y2023/V33/I11/46

[1] 中国网.广东强降雨致47万余人受灾倒塌房屋1729间[EB/OL].(2022-06-22)[2023-07-05].http://henan.china.com.cn/m/2022-06/22/content_42011697.html.
[2] 孔锋, 王一飞, 吕丽莉, 等.近百年来全球、大洲和区域尺度降雨时空变化诊断(1900-2010)[J].灾害学, 2018, 33(1):81-88, 95.
[3] 李林.变化环境下中国不同强度降雨的时空变化特征[J].水电能源科学, 2021, 39(3):8-11, 23.
[4] 虞海燕, 刘树华, 赵娜, 等.1951-2009年中国不同区域气温和降水量变化特征[J].气象与环境学报, 2011, 27(4):1-11.
[5] 黎凌峰, 王靓怡, 韦李宏, 等.三类ENSO相位下中国暖季降水时空变化特征[J].水文, 2022, 42(2):66-72, 108.
[6] 于志慧, 刘鹏飞, 何玉秀, 等.太湖平原高度城镇化下降雨特征时空变化研究[J].湖泊科学, 2022, 34(6):2134-2143.
[7] Chen Chingsen, Chen Yileng, Liu Cheling, et al.Statistics of heavy rainfall occurrences in Taiwan[J].Weather and Forecasting, 2007, 22(5):981-1002.
[8] 郑杰元, 黄国如, 王质军, 等.广州市近年降雨时空变化规律分析[J].水电能源科学, 2011, 29(3):5-8, 192.
[9] 文敏.珠海年降雨量的多时间尺度变化[J].广东气象, 2005(3):4-6.
[10] 纪忠萍, 何溪澄, 谷德军.1994年6月广东省特大洪涝期间气象要素的小波分析[J].热带气象学报, 1998(2):53-60.
[11] 林爱兰.广东汛期降水的多尺度特征[J].广东气象, 1998(S2):58-60, 68.
[12] Brooks H E, Stensrud D J.Climatology of heavy rain events in the United States from hourly precipitation observations[J].Monthly Weather Review, 2000, 128(4):1194-1201.
[13] 张志才, 陈喜, 王文, 等.贵州降雨变化趋势与极值特征分析[J].地球与环境, 2007(4):351-356.
[14] 陈杨瑞雪.华南前汛期极端降水多尺度特征的统计分析与个例研究[D].北京:中国气象科学研究院, 2018.
[15] 黄伟杰, 张大伟, 张欣, 等.广东省1961-2016年极端气候时空变化研究[J].人民珠江, 2021, 42(12):1-16.
[16] 刘蔚琴, 伍红雨, 杜尧东. 2019年11-12月广东省天气气候特点及其影响评述[J].广东气象, 2020, 42(1):2, 81.
[17] 张柳红, 陈玉玮, 伍红雨, 等.2020年广东省气候概况[J].广东气象, 2021, 43(4):1-5.
[18] 伍红雨, 李文媛, 段海来, 等.2021年广东省气候概况[J].广东气象, 2022, 44(2):1-5.
[19] LU Xiaoqin, YU Hui, YING Ming, et al. Western north Pacific tropical cyclone database created by the China Meteorological Administration[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2021, 38(4):690-699.
[20] 丑洁明, 班靖晗, 董文杰, 等.影响广东省的热带气旋特征分析及灾害损失研究[J].大气科学, 2018, 42(2):357-366.
[21] 麦健华, 于玲玲, 纪忠萍, 等.广东省冬季暴雨及其环流形势特征分析[J].气象科技, 2021, 49(3):380-387.